Clients
Originators of transfer requests — applications, services, enterprises, or AI agents. Clients express
intent
(move data from A to B under these conditions) and delegate execution to the network.
BeamCore
The coordination layer. Assigns work, tracks transfers, handles retries, and ensures observable, accountable execution. Does not touch the data itself.
Orchestrators
Turn transfer requests into execution strategies. Manage pools of workers, decide chunking and parallelism, and are evaluated on their entire pool's aggregate performance.
Workers
The off-chain execution layer. Move data from source to destination, report completed chunks, and compete to remain in high-performing pools.
Validators
Verify delivery integrity and enforce economic fairness. Confirm that work was real, performance is measurable, and rewards reflect actual contribution.
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## The Competitive Market [#the-competitive-market]
Beam creates a fluid, performance-driven marketplace with aligned incentives at every layer:
**Orchestrators** compete to build and maintain the most reliable worker pools. Better performance -> higher PRISM score -> more transfer assignments, while completed qualified production work drives validator weight and $TAO emissions. Orchestrators are evaluated at the *pool level*, so even a small number of weak workers degrades their score. They must also compensate workers fairly - validators enforce this, and failure to pay appropriately reduces future assignments.
**Workers** compete to remain in high-performing pools. They are continuously evaluated on delivery success, throughput, and latency consistency. Workers are not locked into a single orchestrator — they migrate toward orchestrators offering the most reliable work and the best rewards, reinforcing a system where fairness is enforced by market dynamics, not policy alone.
**Validators** bridge off-chain execution with on-chain incentives. They consume BeamCore performance metrics and set weights so orchestrators with stronger delivery receive more emissions over time.
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## What Beam Enables [#what-beam-enables]
* **High-performance transfer** — Data moves in parallel across multiple paths, dynamically optimized for real-time conditions. Particularly valuable for large datasets, AI pipelines, and cross-region systems.
* **Resilient delivery** — Distributed across multiple workers and orchestrators, with automatic recovery from network issues.
* **Programmable routing** — Define intent (source, destination, constraints) and the network determines the best execution strategy.
* **Cost efficiency through competition** — Participants compete to deliver data, aligning cost more closely with actual performance.
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## Bittensor Subnet 105 [#bittensor-subnet-105]
Beam operates as **subnet 105** on the Bittensor network. Performance scores shape production routing, and validators submit verified-uploaded-byte epoch weights for $TAO emissions. That is what pays orchestrators to keep high-quality workers and to complete real production work — the competition you benefit from as a client.